Original Freehand Illustrations
by Dena Smulski

 
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Celtic Illuminated Alphabet

I first discovered the art of illuminating letters while attending my first Graphic Design class in college. It began with the letter "C" then blossomed into four years of passionate research and illustration. Below you will find the twenty-six letters of the alphabet, each one designed to illustrate a particular aspect of Celtic history.

A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z

A - Ogham
The letter A denotes the Celtic Alphabet which, in many ways is not unlike our own. The alphabet consists of 20 basic letters, a mix of consonants and vowels, that were carved into the corners of posts or stones in horizontal or diagonal fashion. Though Ogham is typically seen as a carving, it has also been found to be in written form.

B - Lady Brigit
Lady Brigit is the Goddess of Birth, Prose and Smith crafts. She is part of the Tuatha de Danann's trinity of mother goddesses which also includes Lady Morrigan (D) and Lady Babhdh. It is believed that St. Patrick baptized Lady Brigit and that she was present for the birth of Christ as the Virgin Mary's midwife.

C - Celtic Cross
The cross is one of the most sacred symbols to be influenced by the Celtic culture. Most known are the Celtic High Cross (as illustrated on the left) and the Celtic Recumbent cross which rose high above the graves of warriors and leaders.

D - Lady Morrigan
Lady Morrigan was the Goddess of death and truly opposite that of her sister goddess, Lady Brigit. Her most attributed feature was her ability to shape shift. In times of battle Morrigan would take on the form of a crow and would perch upon the shoulder of a soldier who was about to be killed.
E - Epona
The Goddess Epona was ruler over horses, fertility, fruit and serpents. Epona with her prominent rule over horses, was revered by the Romans. So well loved was she, that she is the only Goddess to have been adopted and celebrated by the Roman culture.
F - Literature
The letter F celebrates great Irish literature. The livelihood of the Celts not only survived through their magnificent art and remnants of great battles but through the art of storytelling that lived on through their children's, children.
G - Gundestrup Cauldron
The Gundestrup Cauldron was made out of gold and was a very sacred item to the Celts. It was believed by the Celts that this mystical cauldron could take those who were wounded or killed and restore not only their bodies, but their lives.

H - Head Hunting
There is no question that the Celts were brutal and vicious warriors. They are most known for decapitating their enemies and proudly hanging the their heads from their horses reigns in a gory display. Celtic warriors also portrayed their victims fate by having images of heads circling their shield.

I - Faeries
Faeries exist in the magical history of the Celts and are collectively known as the Tuatha de Danann or "children of the mother goddess." They are said to possess powers that could lead you to feel passion, fear, or sadness. However, sometimes these feelings were deceitful and were meant to trick you.
J - Jack the Cunning Thief[1]
Jack the Cunning Thief is the tale of a common man who's creative thinking out witted a king into handing over his daughter's hand in marriage.
K - Knotwork
This braided style known as knotwork is one of the four major elements of Celtic art and design which includes maize patterns (M), Spirals (Y) and zoomorphism (Z). The knotwork style combined with the other major elements not only create intricate and mesmerizing patterns but was thought to be a form or meditation.
L - Lusimore[1]
The tale of Lusimore begins with a hunchback who stumbles upon a grouping of faeries who are singing. He regaled in their songs and so thrilled were the faeries that they befriended the hunchback and removed the hunch from his back in thanks for his kindness.
M - Maize Pattern
The Maize pattern is one of the four major elements in Celtic art. This style is heavily influenced by geometrical patterns and designs. Today we commonly see this type of design in hedge mazes and garden designs.
N - New Grange Tomb
The New Grange Tomb is located in County Meath, Ireland and is a neolithic passage grave. From December 19th through the 23rd the winter solstice sun rises precisely to penetrate through the main entrance of the tomb and illuminates a direct path to the cruciform chamber for seventeen minutes each day.
A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z
O - O'Brennus
O'Brennus, a warrior, lead an army of men into Greece in the hopes of over-taking the city, but his army was stopped at Thermopylae. He was defeated once again in the city of Delphi. Ashamed of his failure as a leader O'Brennus took his own life.
P - St. Patrick
St. Patrick is one of the most cherished saints to ever walk the green isle of Ireland. St. Patrick was believed to have a remarkable ability to heal and create hope. He had a tremendous sense of compassion. He is remembered and celebrated each year on the day of his passing, March 17.
Q - Stone Henge
Stone Henge is one of the most mysterious and fascinating sites in Ireland. Though no one is quite sure what stone henge was intended for, some beliefs include; a druidic temple, instrument of astrology or a Pagan ritual site. There has also been great debate on how this wondrous structure was ever created.
R - Rider of Riddles[1]
A boy must save his life from a treacherous mother who has set out to poison him by reciting a riddle that the king could not solve. The king was forever puzzled when the boy asked "what killed two, then four and twenty-four again, while one got away?"
S - Snake
The Celts, like most cultures, honored all creatures of the earth. The snake was specially regarded for its representation of the cycle of life, birth, death and rebirth. The snake also represented wisdom, reincarnation and cunning. The snake was incorporated into the design of many torcs (a piece of jewelry work around the neck which signified a person's stature in life).

T – Druidic Tree of Life
The Tree of Life was a primary symbol to the Druids as well as an integral aspect within the mythology of the Celts. The Celts shared a strong belief in aspects of trinities such as mind, body and soul and the Tree of Life which symbolizes the unification of heaven, earth and the underworld.

U – Silver and Gold Tree[1]
Silver and Gold Tree is an Irish fairy tale much like the modern story of Cinderella in which the step mother, Gold Tree tries to keep Silver Tree hidden so that the prince can not discover her and fall in love. Despite all of Gold Trees attempts to keep the two apart, their love was inevitable.

V – Violence in Battle
With the miserable defeat of the Celts and the suicide of Brennus (O) in the city of Delphi, the Celts were in a state of unrest. The Celts continually lost in battle with the Greeks and Romans and as an example of their defeat the Suicidal Gual and Dying Gaul were constructed and set on display within the city.

W – Stettweg Wagon
Not unlike the Gundestrup Cauldron (G) there are many theories behind the Strettweg Wagon. Some include the belief that it was meant to hold the ashes of a great warrior. Another belief is that it is symbolic of a sacrificial procession to the Gods.

X – Wiccan Ritual
The Celts encountered many cultures throughout their extensive history. One of the most influential were the pagans. The Celts adapted to their rituals and beliefs in the healing powers of magic and earths creations.

Y – Spirals
The spiral symbolized many things to the Celts such as the stars, heavens, eternity and much more. The spiral design has been utilized on many important artifacts of the Celtic culture such as the Newgrange Tomb (N) which has carvings of spirals on the entrance stone to the tomb.

Z – Zoomorphism
Zoomorphism takes an animal form such as a bird and incorporates its legs, beak, feathers and other various body parts and forms knotwork. This type of design is not limited to animals. Human forms were also converted into knotwork in a similar style known as anthropomorphism.

A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z

[1] Stories were adapted from the books of "Celtic Fairy Tales" and "More Celtic Fairy Tales" by Joseph Jacobs

 
 

 

Illuminated Alphabet Poster!
The Celtic Illuminated Alphabet poster will soon be available for purchase! Check back soon for more information.

A Brief History of the Celts
Coming soon, the entire description behind each illuminated letter will be made available in paper back. Please check back soon for more details.

Illuminate Your Name!
Celtic Artisan will Illuminate your name using the Celtic Alphabet. Please Contact Celtic Artisan for information on how to personalize your name today!